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Acknowledgements: Chronology - Goutam Dalmiya
Coins - Stan Goron, Scott Semans, Rohit Shah of Coin Hut, Bill Spengler, Satya Bhupatiraju, Dilip Rajgor, Ralph Cannito, Spinks
Mints - Shailendra Bhandare, Stan Goron
History - A Dictionary of Indian History by Sachchidananda Bhattacharya
Bibliography - Pictures - Related Links:
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| The Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur in 1526 as the result of his victory over the last Lodi Sultan, Ibrahim, in the first battle of Panipat in 1526. This victory enabled Babur to occupy Delhi and Agra. Then in 1527 Babur defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar at the battle of Khanua and thus broke Rajput resistance. Lastly, in 1528 Babur inflicted a second defeat on the Afghans in the battle of the Ghagra and thus extended his rule over Bihar and Bengal. These three victories made Babur the Emperor of northern India and enabled him to found the Mughal dynasty which ruled in India from 1526 to 1858. The dynasty composed nineteen sovereigns of whom the first six, namely Babur (1526-30), Humayun (1530-56, with a break from 1540 to 1555), Akbar (1556-1605), Jahangir (1605-27), Shah Jahan (1627-58) and Aurangzeb (1658-1707) are generally called the great Mughals. More... | |||||
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LIST OF MUGHAL RULERS |
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No coins known for rulers in italics. |
- coin scans exist |
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ELSE, USE LINKS BELOW. |
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| Name | AH | AD | History | ||
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Zahiru-d-din Babur -
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932 - 937 |
1526 - 1530 |
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Nasiru-d-din Humayun
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937 - 963 | 1530 - 1556 |
Eldest son of Babur, ruled intermittently for 10 years. |
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Kamran Mirza
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947 - 952 |
Second son of Babur. Rebelled against Humayun while he was governor of Kabul and Qandahar. Captured, blinded, and imprisoned. |
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Jalalu-d-din Akbar -
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7
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963 - 1014 | 1556 - 1605 | Eldest son of Humayun | ||
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Nur ud Din Muhammed Jahangir, in his
pre-accession name Salim -
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such coins were struck in Ahmadabad and Kabul | ||||
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Nuru-d-din Jahangir -
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1014 - 1037 | 1605 - 1627 | Eldest son of Akbar | ||
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In Empress Nurjahan's name by authority
of Jahangir -
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| Dawar Bakhsh | 1037 | 1627 | Son of Khusru, elder son of Jahangir, was proclaimed Badshah, as a stop gap measure. He abdicated in favor of Shah Jahan on his reaching Agra from the Deccan, and retired to Persia. Ruled for 3 months. | ||
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Shihabu-d-din Shah Jahan -
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1037 - 1068 | 1628 - 1657/8 | Third son of Jahangir, enthroned at Agra | ||
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Murad Bakhsh (in Gujarat) -
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1068 | 1657/8 | Fourth son of Shah Jahan, rebelled and proclaimed himself Badshah at Ahmedabad while he was the governor of Gujarat, Khandesh, and Malwa. Betrayed, imprisoned, and executed by Aurangzeb. Ruled for some months. | ||
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Shah Shuja (in Bengal) -
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1068 - 1070 | 1657 - 1660 | Second son of Shah Jahan, rebelled and proclaimed himself Badshah at Rajmahal (Akbarnagar) while he was governor of Bengal. Defeated at Bahadurpur by Aurangzeb and Murad. Ruled some months. | ||
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Muhayyiu-d-din (Muhiu-d-din)
Aurangzeb Alamgir -
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1068 - 1118/19 | 1658 - 1707 | Third son of Shah Jahan. Rebelled against, deposed and imprisoned Shah Jahan, executed elder brother Darah Sukoh, proclaimed himself Badshah, and thereafter defeated and killed brothers Shah Shuja and Murad Bakhsh. | ||
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Azam Shah -
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1118 - 1119 | 1707 | Second son of Aurangzeb. Proclaimed himself Badshah while he was the governor of Gujarat, Khandesh, and Malwa on Aurangzeb's death. Defeated and killed by Shah Alam I Bahadur. Ruled some months. | ||
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Kam Bakhsh -
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1119 - 1120 | 1707 - 1708 | On the death of Aurangzeb, his fifth son and governor of Deccan proclaimed himself Badshah. Defeated and killed by Shah Alam I Bahadur. Ruled some months. | ||
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Shah Alam I Bahadur -
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1119 - 1124 | 1707 - 1712 | Third son of Aurangzeb, enthroned at Lahore. | ||
| Azimu-sh-Shan | 1124 | 1712 | Eldest son of Shah Alam I, governor of Bengal. Proclaimed himself Badshah. Defeated and killed by his brothers. | ||
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Jahandar Shah-
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1124 | 1712 | Third son of Shah Alam I. Defeated all his brothers and proclaimed himself Badshah. Defeated and killed by Farrukhsiyar, son of Azimu-sh-Shan. | ||
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Farrukhsiyar
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1124 - 1131 | 1713 - 1719 | Son of Azimu-sh-Shan, deposed and killed by the Sayyid brothers. | ||
| Nikusiyar - Snippet courtesy Alan DeShazo | 1131 - few days | 1719 | Son of Akbar II (Shah Alam's brother), proclaims himself Badshah. | ||
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Rafiu-d-Darjat -
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1131 - few mths | 1719 |
Son of Rafiu-Shan (Azimu-sh-Shan's brother). Proclaimed Badshah by the Sayyid brothers. Subsequently deposed and killed by them. |
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Rafiu-d-Daula, Shah Jahan II
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1131 | 1719 | Brother of Rafiu-d-Darjat. Proclaimed Badshah by the Sayyid brothers. Subsequently deposed and killed by them. | ||
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Muhammad Ibrahim -
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1131 - few mths | 1719 | Brother of Rafiu-d-Darjat and Shah Jahan II, rebelled against the Sayyid brothers and proclaimed himself Badshah. | ||
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Muhammad Shah -
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1131 - 1161 | 1719 - 1748 | Son of Khujista Akhtar, grandson of Shah Alam I. Placed on the throne by the Sayyid brothers. Killed the Sayyid brothers. | ||
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Ahmad Shah Bahadur -
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1161 - 1167 | 1748 - 1754 | Son of Muhammad Shah. Deposed and blinded by Wazir Ghazi-ud-Din | ||
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Azizu-d-din Alamgir II -
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1167 - 1173 | 1754 - 1759/60 | Son of Jahandar Shah. Placed on the throne by Wazir Ghazi-ud-Din. Subsequently murdered by Ghazi-ud-Din. | ||
| Shah Jahan III | 1173 - 1174 | 1759 - 1760 | Grandson of Kam Bakhsh. Placed on the throne and subsequently deposed by Wazir Ghazi-ud-Din. | ||
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Shah Alam II -
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1173 - 1221 | 1759 - 1806 | Son of Alamgir II. Blinded and deposed by Ghulam Qadir. Regained throne with Maratha support. | ||
| Bedar Bakht | 1202/03 | 1788 | Son of Ahmad Shah, placed on the throne by Ghulam Qadir in rebellion against Shah Alam II. Rebellion overpowered by Shah Alam II. | ||
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Muhammad Akbar II -
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1221 - 1253 | 1806 - 1837 | Son of Shah Alam II | ||
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Bahadur Shah II Zafar -
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1253 - 1274 | 1837 - 1858 | Son of Muhammad Akbar II. Deposed by the British Government. | ||
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Mughal Tokens -
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